Inspection Concepts and Techniques practice questions

Answer: A) The spacing of threads on a bolt or nut

• ACorrect. Matching blades identify threads per inch or pitch.
• BIncorrect. Strength is not measured with a pitch gauge.
• CIncorrect. That requires a torque wrench.
• DIncorrect. Hardness requires a tester.

Answer: A) So that small surface irregularities cast shadows and stand out

Holding the light at a low angle to the surface makes small surface defects cast shadows, so they are easier to see.

• ACorrect. Low-angle (oblique) light makes cracks, dents and other surface irregularities cast shadows or catch highlights, so they are easier to see.
• BIncorrect. The goal is the opposite. Shadows and contrast from oblique light are what make small defects visible.
• CIncorrect. Visible light does not pass through paint at any angle. Hidden corrosion needs paint removal or another NDI method.
• DIncorrect. Fluorescent penetrant glows only under ultraviolet (black) light. The angle of a white-light flashlight does not change that.

Answer: B) A dial indicator

Runout is how much a shaft, flange or disc is bent or fails to run true. It is measured with a dial indicator while the part turns in V-blocks, and the total indicator reading is compared with the manufacturer's limits.

• AIncorrect. An outside micrometer measures diameter at one point. It cannot track how far the surface moves as the shaft turns.
• BCorrect. A dial indicator against the rotating shaft shows how far the surface moves (total indicator reading). The AMT Handbook says runout is normally measured with a dial indicator.
• CIncorrect. A telescoping gauge transfers inside dimensions, such as a bore diameter, to a micrometer. It does not measure runout.
• DIncorrect. A feeler gauge measures a fixed gap or clearance. It cannot measure how much a rotating surface moves.

Answer: A) Keep personnel outside the posted radiation area during exposures and monitor dose with dosimeters

Radiography uses ionizing radiation, so the radiation area is posted, people are kept out during exposures, and exposure is monitored with dosimeters. Protective clothing worn close to the source, UV goggles, and waiting for 'residual' radiation do not address the real hazard.

• ACorrect. Ionizing radiation is the main hazard. Radiation areas are posted and access to them is controlled, and personnel monitoring equipment such as dosimeters or film badges tracks each person's exposure.
• BIncorrect. An apron does not make it safe to be near the tube head during an exposure. Distance and shielding between people and the source are the main protection, and alignment is checked before the beam is turned on.
• CIncorrect. Goggles that block ultraviolet light give no protection against penetrating X-ray radiation. This mixes up radiography with the black lights used in fluorescent inspection.
• DIncorrect. X-ray exposure does not make the aircraft part radioactive. The hazard exists while the beam is energized, so controlling access during exposures is what matters.

Answer: A) To verify the tool still indicates or applies values within its specified accuracy tolerance

Precision tools such as torque wrenches drift with use and abuse. Regular calibration, and recalibration after a drop, confirms they still give accurate readings.

• ACorrect. Wear, abuse or dropping can shift a tool's readings. Calibration against a known standard confirms the tool's output is still accurate, so torque values and measurements are applied correctly.
• BIncorrect. Calibration does not extend a wrench's range. A torque wrench should only be used within its rated range.
• CIncorrect. Converting between units is simple arithmetic. It is not the purpose of calibration and does not check the tool's accuracy.
• DIncorrect. The correction for an extension depends on the geometry of the wrench and extension, so it must still be calculated. Calibration does not remove the need for it.

Answer: B) Steel

• AIncorrect. Aluminum is not ferromagnetic.
• BCorrect. It only works on ferromagnetic materials such as most steels.
• CIncorrect. Titanium is not ferromagnetic.
• DIncorrect. Copper is not ferromagnetic.

Answer: A) Ultrasonic

• ACorrect. Ultrasonic testing detects internal discontinuities with sound waves.
• BIncorrect. Penetrant finds surface flaws only.
• CIncorrect. Visual inspection sees the surface.
• DIncorrect. Tapping detects delaminations in composites.

Answer: D) Across the part, perpendicular to its long axis

• AIncorrect. Crack orientation relative to the field matters.
• BIncorrect. Lengthwise cracks are better found with circular magnetization.
• CIncorrect. The method finds surface and near-surface flaws.
• DCorrect. Defects show best when they cut across the magnetic field lines.

Answer: B) 14 CFR Part 43, Appendix D

Part 43, Appendix D sets the scope and detail of items for annual and 100-hour inspections, and 43.15(c) requires the checklist to include them. Section 91.409 only says when the inspections are due.

• AIncorrect. Appendix A classifies major alterations and major repairs and lists preventive maintenance. It does not set the scope of annual or 100-hour inspections.
• BCorrect. Appendix D lists the scope and detail of items to be included in annual and 100-hour inspections. Section 43.15(c) requires the inspection checklist to include those items.
• CIncorrect. Section 91.409 says when annual and 100-hour inspections are required. It does not list what each inspection must cover.
• DIncorrect. AC 43.13-1B describes acceptable methods, techniques, and practices for inspection and repair. It is guidance and does not set the regulatory scope of these inspections.

Answer: C) Whether a feature's size is within its limits

• AIncorrect. An ohmmeter checks continuity.
• BIncorrect. It checks limits, not exact size.
• CCorrect. The go end fits and the no-go end must not.
• DIncorrect. Pressure gauges do that.